NOTE: Dave has blogged about the REST API, including a demo of it in action!
As I promised in my (first and) previous post, I am gonna quickly go over the very simple architecture of the ArcDeveloper REST API.
So, the angst around the ArcGIS Server Web ADF is well known and I shan't rehash it here (OK, just a little rehashing: the ADF is a bloated sack of vomit) but, rather, I'll point you to the beginnings of an open source ArcGIS Server REST API (svn) at ArcDeveloper.